“The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) was established in 1886 in Paris. The aim of the IPA is to promote the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science. In furtherance of this aim, the IPA provides the academic community world-wide with a notational standard for the phonetic representation of all languages. The latest version of the IPA Alphabet was published in 2005” Source: https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org (Adapted). Access: March 21st, 2016 The phonetic transcription below corresponds to American English (based on the open Carnegie Mellon University Pronouncing Dictionary). According to IPA, the phonetic transcription above corresponds to